Bob Marley Essay Example for Free

Weave Marley Essay In a period of political, monetary, and social agitation, another method of dissent was starting to rise up out of Jamaica as reggae music. It was 1963 when a youngster from Jamaica by the name of Robert Nesta Marley, otherwise called â€Å"Bob Marley†, framed a band called The Wailers, who might without a doubt become one of the main reggae groups to ascend from the abuse of the underdeveloped nation. The nation of Jamaica had quite recently picked up autonomy from the U. K. in 1962, however was definitely not a free country. People with great influence decided to misuse the country’s hardly any principle sends out, principally bauxite, a mineral utilized during the time spent assembling aluminum. The initial ten years of Jamaican autonomy saw impressive monetary development, however these additions were kept away from the country’s urban poor. From his book, Reggae, Rastafari, and the Rhetoric of Social Control, Stephen A. Lord composes, â€Å"After freedom, the Jamaican Labor Party’s â€Å"Five Year Plan† didn't create financial flourishing yet, rather, considerably more prominent disparity of living conditions† (47). Ruler cites Adam Kuper, â€Å"As the Jamaican Labor Party urged remote nations to put resources into and extend Jamaica’s assembling and bauxite ventures, the customary quest for agribusiness, ranger service, and angling dropped to a low of 10 percent of Jamaica’s total national output in 1968 (47). Marley decided to join the Rastafarian development, a strict program that was a conspicuous gathering in Jamaica. The Rastafarian confidence assisted with energizing Marley’s reason in music, which was to enable and motivate the individuals who were being held somewhere near the nation’s wealthier class. A little country town called Nine Miles situated in the area of Sainte Ann is the place Bob Marley was conceived. Marley lived with his grandparents in the network of Sainte Anne, individuals who followed conventions they had gained from their initial African predecessors. These traditions included narrating which would be one of Marley’s signature characteristics during his songwriting profession. At the point when Marley was an adolescent, his mom chose to remove him from Sainte Anne, and moved him to Jamaica’s capital Kingston in the region of Trench Town. This would be the place Marley would start to leave on his melodic excursion. Like most urban Jamaican urban communities, Trench Town was poor and the entirety of its occupants including the adolescent Marley lived in neediness. During this time Marley figured out how to shield himself against the unpleasant town local people, and as opposed to tailing them Marley chose to give nearer consideration to music. As one writer writes, â€Å"Despite the destitution, despair and different offensive exercises that supported some ghetto tenants, Trench Town was additionally a socially rich network where Bob Marleys plentiful melodic abilities were sustained. A long lasting wellspring of motivation, Bob deified Trench Town in his tunes No Woman No Cry (1974), Trench Town Rock (1975) and Trench Town, the last discharged aft er death in 1983† (Ruff, â€Å"Bob’s Early Life†). Marley’s beginnings in the music business were with a type of music known as ska. Ska came to fruition in Jamaica during the late 1950’s and mid 60’s. Ska was motivated by American RB music that could be heard through U.S. radio aviation routes on the transistor radio. Ska was a mixing of America’s RB and Jamaica’s island beat, a blend of calypso and mento. Creator Stephen A. Ruler composes, â€Å"Perhaps ska can best be portrayed as a result of creolization, getting vigorously from dark American music (jazz, gospel, and RB), while additionally consolidating indigenous (mento) and African components into its sound† (24). Numerous residents of Jamaica couldn't manage the cost of radios to tune in to music or keep up on any news reports originating from the island. So the Jamaican sound frameworks, cell phones, for example, vans or melodic hardware on wheels, would be utili zed to have moves, and the DJs would likewise utilize their sound frameworks to illuminate his audience members on political happenings. Lord expresses that, â€Å"As one of only a handful hardly any moderate social exercises for poor people, the sound framework carried music to places where the voice of poor people could be heard without impedance by neighborhood authorities† (16). Like the majority of the world during this time, the dark populace was not permitted any political force, and many started to look for approaches to stand up to. One of the strategies utilized as a way to latently retaliate against the irregularity was the Rastafarian religion. The Rastafarian religion was brought into the world right off the bat in the twentieth century, however its underlying foundations go back the extent that the late 1800’s when slaves felt constrained to rebel against the ranch proprietors on the conviction that God was calling them to battle for opportunity. In 1927, a man named Marcus Garvey delivered to Jamaicans the premise of the Rastafarian religion, which was to seek Africa for the delegated of a lord. This would be an indication for Jamaica that opportunity is close. From Africana, the Encyclopedia of the African and the African-American Experience, creator Roanne Edwards cites Garvey: â€Å"Look to Africa for the delegated of a lord to realize that your recovery is nigh† (Edwards 1592). In 1930 Ras Tafari was delegated ruler of Ethiopia andâ baptized with the name Haile Selassie. From that second on the Rastafarians of Jamaica would perceive the lord of Ethiopia as the living savior. The religion of Rastafarianism was intended to engage Jamaica’s dark populace by considering vigorously African legacy and accepted that the western culture was today’s realm of Babylon, a degenerate city that benefitted from the persecuted. Some portion of the Rastafarian confidence was to develop dreadlocks, this would get one of Marley’s signature highlights, however Marley was not following any patterns, his motivation for wearing his hair in dreadlocks had further significance than unimportant design. As cited from Rolling Stone, â€Å"Until Babylon fell, as per one legend; the Rastas would not trim their hair. They developed it long in a fearsome appearance called dreadlocks† (Gilmore 5). Another component from the Rastafarian Movement was the utilization of pot to make a more profound association with Selassie. Marley utilized pot as an inventive outlet in son gwriting and Marley, alongside numerous Rasta performers, followed the custom of smoking weed or â€Å"ganja† for this otherworldly experience. Marley’s tunes originated from a profound otherworldly assurance, to spread the message of the Rastafarian confidence and to battle against the individuals who looked to put down poor people and less blessed of the world. As indicated by creator Rex Ruff, â€Å"Bob Marley reaffirms his adherence to Rastafari on Forever Loving Jah from Uprising the last collection discharged during his lifetime. Uprising highlights the acoustic Redemption Song which beseeches the audience: liberate yourselves from mental servitude none however ourselves can free our psyche, repeating oneself engaging feelings that Rastafarian precepts have tried to build up (Bob and Rastafarian Beliefs). The poor of Jamaica were dependent upon hardship as a result of the choices that were being made by the ideological groups set up after Jamaica had become a free country. On one hand, there was the Peoples National Party, drove by Michael Manley, who battled for sacred rights, and then again, there was the Jam aican Labor Party, drove by Edward Seaga, who wanted to put Jamaica’s capital interests abroad before the government assistance of the country. Both the People’s National Party and the Jamaican Labor Party were basically run by white individuals and Marley took neither side, however was said to have little kindness towards Michael Manley’s People’s National Party. In 1976 the December races were moving close and brutal fights were assuming control over the boulevards of Kingston. Marley had become such an unmistakable icon for Jamaican residents and the People’s National Party thought a show performed by Marley would help quiet the city during the political race. Marley consented to perform with his band The Wailers at the Smile Jamaica show. Despite the fact that Marley had communicated political nonpartisanship, some accepted that Marley had favor for Michael Manley’s side. During practice, only two days before the show, Marley and a few individuals from his band were taken shots at. Nobody associated with the shooting were killed, yet both Marley and his chief at the time endured wounds. Marley proceeded to perform at the Smile Jamaica show to keep the harmony, however fled the nation following the show finished. After the Smile Jamaica show Marley performed again at the One Love Peace show where he convinced Michael Manley and Edward Seaga up on the phase to shake hands. This show represented Marley’s genuine want for harmony and agreement between the ideological groups of Jamaica’s new government. As Gilmore composes, â€Å"On April 22nd, at the One Love Peace Concert, Marley figured out how to urge both Michael Manley and Edward Saga in front of an audience with him and held their hands along w ith his in a motion of coexistence† (Gilmore 9). Marley passed on of malignant growth at the youthful age of 36, however his music is as yet alive and arrives at several individuals each and every day. Something that made Marley’s music so compelling was his capacity to talk an extraordinary message through an innovative tune. From Rolling Stone, â€Å"He was a great tune author, and his songs’ implying pop guides maneuver the audience into the real factors Marley was describing† (Gillmore 12). Albeit a significant part of the Marley heritage lives on in America as a unimportant pattern, one who decides to look further into his message will feel the force Marley had expected through his verse that was intended for a mistreated country.

Tom Sawyer Character Analysis

The tale The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain delivers how it was to be a child when the creator was a kid. In this novel, Tom Sawyer the hero, and his companion Huckleberry Finn witness a homicide. Both of the youngsters pledge to stay quiet about it however in the long run, Tom admits in light of the fact that he can't remain to see a guiltless man put to death when he could stop it. Sawyer was an exuberant, audacious, and precarious kid who was allowed the chance to develop, and grow up in light of the fact that he had a touch with development after he saw a homicide. Indeed, yet that’s extraordinary. A burglar is more sharp than what a privateer is †as a general thing. In many nations they’re after high up in the honorability dukes and such† (280). This statement from the novel, by Sawyer is a magnificent model, which shows the boy’s daring side. The peruser, just from perusing the statement can get the inclination, this kid feels sure about his words. Which means, this kid demonstrations simply like some other fun loving little youngsters, as though they know everything.Assuming that the kids that demonstration like they know it all, as to show it, this statement underpins the proposition about Sawyer, that he is energetic and daring. Not exclusively does the statement show how Sawyer would act, and present himself, however it additionally goes about for instance to show the young men creative mind and things he would get himself into. At a certain point in the novel, Sawyer and a couple of his companions felt as though nobody adored them, and chose to carry on with a secluded, criminal life and be pirates.They were away for some time which made their entire town accept they were dead. Sawyer’s poor auntie Polly was totally destroyed attempting to make sense of what she had done to cause her exuberant, inquisitive little fellow to flee to kick the bucket. Be that as it may, at the boy’s arranged memorial services, them three came swaggering in as though they had not been gone by any stretch of the imagination. This shows Sawyer would get into a wide range of experiences and plans. They kid was enthusiastic and courageous as well as dubious and cunning as well. Related exposition: â€Å"Stand and Deliver Character Analysis†Sawyer had to white-wash his fence on a Saturday and he truly would prefer not to do it. As other little youngsters would stroll by, Sawyer would act like he was having a great deal of fun carrying out his responsibility. This would interest different young men and they began offering him things with the goal for them to have an attempt at the great white-washing. At the point when it was done, Sawyer didn't need to work any longer, the white-washing completed itself and he increased a large number of new things. This shows how brilliant and precarious sawyer could be.Tom Sawyer was a little fellow who needed only fun. He would have a ton of fun and wild undertakings with his companions, go about as though he had a deep understanding of the world and utilize his dubious intelligence to get that he needed. Despite the fact that Sawyer saw a homicide, and could have utilized this chance to develop and grow up, he adh ered to his blameless kid self. He was an energetic, bold and precarious little youngster who was nearly compelled to, however didn't grow up significantly after his brush with the brutality of this present reality.

Review Reading for Thinking

Review Reading for Thinking I have this dream that one day there will be a student who will spend a year or two working on his reading comprehension skills before taking the TOEFL. Maybe hes an freshman undergraduate who knows he will do his graduate studies in the USA. Or maybe hes a high school student. If I ever find this student, Reading for Thinking is the book I would recommend to him.This is a great book to spend a year with and to use as a sort of “strategy guide” as you engage with a variety of books, articles and magazines.The book starts by describing methods that can be used to increase ones comprehension of academic texts that can be applied in a variety of contexts. Interestingly, the books reading paraphrase strategy (pages 16 to 21, 7th edition) mirror one of the strategies that my friend Josh MacPherson uses to teach the TOEFL reading section at TST Prep.The third chapter of the book includes strategies for identifying paragraph elements which, if done quickly, will also be quite useful on test day when students need to answer factual information questions. Obviously this is not a TOEFL book, and it doesnt take into account the pressure to work really quickly that students have on test day, but those with a long time to prepare for the test have the luxury of focusing on how to parse academic texts in a more general way.There are also sections on building an academic vocabulary. Thats not something I think is especially important for people who have a short term to prepare for the TOEFL, but is another thing that students who have a long time to prepare can focus on.What makes this book a perfect study companion is that it contains a couple of dozen really wonderful academic articles, all of which are close to the same difficult level as the real test (though perhaps a bit easier). These are accompanied by ample skill-building exercises.Anyways, you can buy the most recent edition on Amazon (8th edition, 2014) but I recommend the 7th edition (2011) because used copies from Amazon are super cheap.

Swiss Army Man And The Myth Of Cain And Abel - 1437 Words

Swiss Army Man the Myth of Cain and Abel In the first book of the bible, the Book of Genesis, readers are introduced to the characters of Cain and Abel. The myth of Cain and Abel relates to jealousy and rage, and how there are always consequences for our actions. The morals that can be learned from Cain an Abel are still relevant today, but in another format, such as in the poster for the 2016 film Swiss Army Man. The Swiss Army Man poster and the myth of Cain and Abel have overlapping themes, such as death and isolation. These themes are still prominent today, and the poster can serve as a modern day take on the centuries old myth. The myth of Cain and Abel originates from the bible, and is best known for being a story of firsts. Cain†¦show more content†¦God favored Abel s sacrifice of milk and meat over Cain s offering of fruits. This angered Cain, and presumably out of jealously, he murdered his brother, Abel. Just as Cain was the first physical birth in the bible, Abel is the first recorded death (and murder) of the bible. God questions Cain on the death of Abel, and Cain lies and tells God that he did not murder his brother. Although is has been interrupted in multiple ways, it is ultimately believed that Cain s jealously of God favoring his brother s sacrifice in relation to his own is what lead to his rage and commitment of murder. A main moral in the myth of the story of Cain and Abel is that jealously can lead to sin. Cain s jealously of Abel is what causes him to lash out, and later lie to God about his actions to cover up his original sins. Roland Barthes analysis of the Pazini ad in Rhetoric of the Image explains that the by putting aside the linguistic message, we are left with the pure image (Barthes, 34). By ignoring the words written on the image, the poster for the film Swiss Army Man (2016) depicts two characters on an isolated green area, with water in the foreground and a faded skyline in the background. Although they equally share the green area, one character is straight up, while the other is hunched over. The one with straight body language is wearing brighterShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesEthical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions

Entrepreneurship And Economic Growth Of A Country

Entrepreneurship is generally described as the ability of an individual or a group of individuals to create or discover an opportunity and utilize it to the benefit of the society, which, in turn, will bring success to the innovators and their organisation (Hart, 2003). The relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth of a country has increasingly gained a lot of interest from economists and policy makers over the years (Steyaert and Hjorth, 2008). However, while some view it as a direct relationship, others see it as an indirect kind of relationship. Entrepreneurship is a multifaceted and complex concept and described differently based on the context of study and disciplines (Hart, 2003). Hart (2003) noted that main research†¦show more content†¦In the past decades, there has been a growing interest regarding the concepts of economic development and entrepreneurship. Researchers have concluded that although economic development theory can still be argued to lac k a ‘general theory’ of entrepreneurship, one that could encompass a variety of development outcomes, progress has been made in extending the notion and understanding of entrepreneurship in economic development (Naude, 2010). On the other hand, international organizations, governments and policy makers have shown a greater attention to the function fulfilled by entrepreneurship in generating economic development. Entrepreneurship is important because it is the economic mechanism through which inefficiencies in economies are identified and mitigated (Grigore and Dragan, 2015). According to OECD (1998) â€Å"entrepreneurship is central to the functioning of market economies† (Carree and Thurik, 2003). Economic experts have abandoned their traditional approach to economic development based mainly on recruiting large companies with different financial and fiscal inducements. Entrepreneurship is spreading recognized by government officials throughout the world not onl y as â€Å"a key mechanism forShow MoreRelatedA Review of the Role of Entrepreneurship in Stimulating Economic Growth, Reducing Unemployment and Increasing Level of Income in Low to Middle Income Countries.3874 Words   |  16 PagesA REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN STIMULATING ECONOMIC GROWTH, REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT AND INCREASING LEVEL OF INCOME IN LOW TO MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES. INTRODUCTION This paper sets out to review the role of entrepreneurship in stimulating economic growth, reducing unemployment and increasing levels of income in low to middle income countries. Nieman and Nieuwenhuizen (2009) states that the contribution of entrepreneurs to the economy can be attributed to their special qualities. TheyRead MoreRelationship Between Entrepreneurship And The Economic Development Essay1091 Words   |  5 Pagesthe relationship between entrepreneurship and the economic development in Saudi Arabia. Entrepreneurship is the process of managing, organizing and developing a business venture in a competitive environment that is dynamic (Kuratko 2016 pp3). An entrepreneur is an inventor, leader, innovator, and pioneer and most significantly, a performer. The heart of a national advantage is often pegged on entrepreneurship. The operation of an enterprise is within the entrepreneurship ecosystems that include governmentalRead MoreStartup Americ A Government Initiative1322 Wor ds   |  6 Pagesinitiative that is used to inspire and produce entrepreneurship throughout the country. By holding the belief that innovation is the backbone of this country, Obama created this campaign in order to create and develop entrepreneurship. As a result, the goal is trying to achieve sustainable growth and quality jobs in the economy. Overall, Startup America is a process that believes entrepreneurship is a core American value that allowed for the country to be where its at, therefore, this campaign isRead MoreOverview Of Schumpeter Denoted Entrepreneur As An Essential Element For The Economic Growth And Entrepreneurial Process1339 Words   |  6 PagesSchumpeter denoted entrepreneur as a key in the economic growth and entrepreneurial process as a prime element in the progress and advancement of economy. Again he stated that entrepreneurship is an essential element for the development of any economy and economic and political framework condition would not affect the g rowth. The benefits due to entrepreneurship to community will be greater in those economies where entrepreneurs have flexibility to operate, to expand their ideas, and to obliterateRead MoreRelationship Between Entrepreneurship And The Economic Development Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesthe relationship between entrepreneurship and the economic development in Saudi Arabia. Entrepreneurship is the process of managing, organizing and developing a business venture in a competitive environment that is dynamic (Kuratko 2016 pp3). An entrepreneur is an inventor, leader, innovator, and pioneer and most significantly, a performer. The heart of a national advantage is often pegged on entrepreneurship. The operation of an enterprise is within the entrepreneurship ecosystems that include governmentalRead MoreHow Entrepreneurship Has An Effect On The Economy Of India1557 Words   |  7 Pages In the 21st century Entrepreneurship is one of the fundamental driving variable in job development. Entrepreneurship has dependably had a variable in monetary advancement and has assisted with job creation. Be that as it may, in the present time it has quickened like never before. Entrepreneurship is favorable for the development of a country’s economic system for various reasons. Business enterprise has been surprisingly resurgent in the course of recent decades in nations that accomplished generousRead MoreThe Theory Of Entrepreneurship As A Key Lever For Growth Restoration And Job Creation1134 Words   |  5 Pagesthe lowest ranked country in the EU, in the context of the ongoing sovereign debt crisis resulting in the highest levels of unemployment within the EU. Their economy is mainly based on tourism, trade, and agriculture. Thus, lacking an established competitive industry and an entrepreneurship-friendly environment, which continues to constrain Greece’s abilit y to emerge from the crisis. To overcome these difficulties, Greece must embrace entrepreneurship as a key lever for growth restoration and jobRead MoreRole of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development1047 Words   |  5 PagesRole of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is the attempt to create value through recognition of business opportunity, the management of risk taking appropriate to the opportunity and through the communicative and management skills to mobilize human financial and material resources necessary to bring a project to fruition. According to A. H. Cole, Entrepreneurship is activity of an individual, undertaken to initiate, maintain or aggrandize profit byRead MoreEntrepreneurship Assessment Strategies For Economic Development1615 Words   |  7 PagesEntrepreneurship assessment strategies for Economic Development: Developing an implementation case for Kingdom of Saudi 1.Introduction Entrepreneurship is an extremely important aspect of the modern economy. Entrepreneurship entails improving business and the development of areas that are good for a business, people and the overall economy of a country (Galindo, Mà ©ndez-Picazo, 2013). Since the need for entrepreneurship has been widely discussed and proven through research (Isenberg, 2010; KhanRead MoreFactors That Can Promote or Hinder Enterpreneurship1492 Words   |  6 PagesLIST AND EXPLAIN FACTORS THAT CAN PROMOTE OR HINDER ENTREPRENEURSHIP. Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur is a person who starts an enterprise. He searches for change and responds to it. A number of definitions have been given of an entrepreneur- The economists view him as a fourth factor of production along with land labour and capital. To put it very simply an entrepreneur is someone who perceives opportunity, organizes resources needed for exploiting that opportunity and exploits it. Computers, mobile

Classroom Observation Report Free Essays

INTRODUCTION The school that we have chosen for our classroom observation is SMK Mutiara Rini which is situated at Jalan Persiaran Utama, Taman Mutiara Rini, Skudai Johor Bahru. This school consists of 2250 students from various level of proficiency. We have decided to observe Miss Niwashini Nambiar d/o Aravindan whom are one of our group mates for this classroom observation assignment. We will write a custom essay sample on Classroom Observation Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now Miss Niwashini Nambiar has been teaching English language for both lower and upper secondary for three years. We observed the lower secondary group students whom are in form 2 UKM. There are 32 students in 2 UKM and their English language proficiency level is intermediate. TEACHING METHODOLOGY Before we went to observe Miss Niwashini, we already prepared an observation checklist to make sure that by the end of the observation, we will be able to discuss on the methodology used by the teacher during teaching and learning session. Throughout the lesson, we observed that the teacher minimized the use of mother tongue. She only used it when it was the last resort to make the students understand a particular term or word used during the lesson. The teaching techniques were organized for learners to learn communicative function. During the set induction for example, the teacher came out with something that triggered students’ prior knowledge, thus we can see that the students were mostly eager to speak and participate in the conversation. This is parallel with the principle underpinning Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) where according to Brown (2001), CLT involves the use of language productively and receptively where the teacher facilitates and guides the learners to practice language skills in the classroom. For the activities chosen by the teacher during the lesson, we observed that it involved real life communication and also rich mix of classroom activities were implemented, where group work, pair work were all integrated during the lesson. For the group work activity, it allows the students to interact with one another, even some of them still communicate using their mother tongue but, we observed that some of them did tried to use English as much as they can. The lesson was not focused mainly on the form of language but its function as well, where the teacher tried to make the students able to use the target language using the activities done during the lesson. We found that the set induction as well as the activities conducted by the teacher bounded to what has been suggested by Larsen-Freeman (2000) that true communicative activities have three main features: information gap, choice and feedback, using authentic material in a small group activities. By taking the first activity conducted for example, where the students get into a group of five, it applied task-based learning which the students need to complete the task at the same time used the target language and the language acquisition will eventually happen. Another thing that we observed during the class lesson was that the teacher’s goal of teaching was to develop students’ communicative competence. The opportunities for the students to develop fluency and accuracy were provided by the teacher especially when the students were given a chance to present their work to the class and they got to receive feedback from peers as well as from the teacher. Parrish (2004) advocates that in CLT class, teacher’s role is mainly as facilitator to guide the students in the interaction that takes place during teaching and learning session. This can be seen throughout the lesson, where Miss Niwashini did not dominated the lesson and the students’ speaking time is maximized by being the main communicator in classroom. From what we have observed, we can conclude Miss Niwashini had integrated Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in her teaching and learning session where she had emphasized on the communication in real-life situation to deliver the lesson. In this report, we also included her lesson plan for that particular lesson to give a clearer view on her teaching and learning session that day. As what is believed by Mustapha ; Yahaya (2013) that the successful implementation of CLT in English language teaching depends largely on the teacher’s understanding. We can say that Miss Niwashini’s lesson truly has almost all the beliefs under CLT which it was reflected through the way she conducted her lesson in the classroom. This can be seen from her methods and techniques applied during the lesson, the way she designed the activities for her students and the materials used for the activities. LESSON PLANCLASS TIME DURATION ATTENDANCE SUBJECT DAY DATE2UKM 2.20 pm- 3.20 pm 60 M32/32 ENGLISH THURSDAY 5/4/2018LESSON [LESSON 23] LANGUAGE AWARENESS NON-TEXTBOOK BASED LESSONMAIN SKILL(S) FOCUS SPEAKING , READING ; WRITINGTHEME PEOPLE AND CULTURE TOPIC LIVE WELL(HEBAT)LANGUAGE FOCUS Vocabulary related to the topic the health.CONTENT STANDARD Main Skill Writing 4.1Communicate intelligibly through print and digital media on familiar topics.Complementary Skill READING 3.1Understand a variety of texts by using a range of appropriate reading strategies to construct meaning.LEARNING STANDARD Main Skill Writing 4.1.5Connect sentences into two coherent paragraphs or more using basic coordinating conjunctions and pronounsComplementary Skill READING 3.1.1Use with some support familiar print and digital resources to check meaning.LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson, students should be able to :Create a balanced meal.Identify healthy and unhealthy foods in each of the food groups.SUCCESS CRITERIA At the end of the lesson, students will be able to :Create a balanced meal and explain about the meal with accurate pronunciation based on the given reading text.REFERENCES Access to bilingual dictionaries. CROSS CURRICULAR ELEMENT Technology EducationHOTS Analyzing and Applying MORAL VALUES GratitudeI-THINK Double Bubble Map PAK-21 Round table activity.ACTIVITIESPRE- LESSON LESSON DEVELOPMENT POST- LESSONGreet the students and introduce the topic â€Å"Balanced Meal† for the students.Teacher asks the students at random what do they really understand with the phrase â€Å"Balanced diet† Students will provide the examples of healthy and Unhealthy food. Students will get into group of 5.Students are assigned to create their own balanced meal.They should create a menu card based on the balanced meal that they are going to create. In groups, students are required to explain about the meal that they have created with accurate pronunciation.ASSESSMENT Worksheets REFLECTIONSCLASS : 2UKM 32/32 students able to answer random questions given by their respective teacher. The students able to provide a list of healthy and unhealthy food based on the alphabet shown by their teacher on the whiteboard. Apart from that, students able to identify and classify the healthy and unhealthy food shown by the teacher through random pictures. Students able to create a menu card based on the balanced meal for obesity patients via group work. Students able to present their work within the given time frame and only used English fully throughout the entire lesson. REFERENCES Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy (2nd Ed.). New York: Longman.Larsen-Freeman, D. (2000). Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching (2nd Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Parrish, B. (2004). Teaching Adult ESL: A Practical Introduction. 3L Journal of Language Teaching 3(103-109). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mustapha, S. T. ; Yahaya, R. A. (2013). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Malaysian Context: It’s Implementation in Selected Community Colleges. Social and Behavioral Sciences 90(788-794). Malaysia: Universiti Teknologi MARA. 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Customer Service in Nonna Restaurant

Question: Discuss about the Customer Service in Nonna Restaurant. Answer: Introduction: Nonnas is a famous restaurant of harbor town of Australia. It is situated at Harbour Town in Australia. They offer various types foods to their customers and their customer service quality is as good as the behavior of the staffs of Nonnas restaurant (Nonna's Restaurant. 2017). They try to maintain the hygiene that is the most important thing to run the restaurant. Poor hygiene can bring the food poisoning that may cause of the loss of loyal customers. The main strength of the restaurant is the beautiful location. They provide good quality foods to the customers that make the restaurant famous. It became the icon of the Gold Coast. They provide three types meals in their restaurant such as breakfast, lunch and dinner. However, Nonnas became the brand of Gold Coast. Moreover, the customers mainly rely upon the brands as it rivets better control with the dominance of market over the rivals. The strategic brand management can help the restaurant to create the large customer base for the restaurant to amidst the competitors. The management of Nonnas should be careful about the brand awareness. This will help the customers to achieve knowledge regarding the products and services. The main motto of the restaurant is to provide delicious and healthy foods to the customers so that they can enjoy the eating together with their family. The atmosphere of the restaurant provides great pleasure to the customers and attracts them. The tag line of Nonnas is Eat better, Drink happy (Nonna's Restaurant. 2017). The purpose of the study is to check the management and marketing strategies of Nonnas to attract the customers. The recent study is important from the earning perspective that they provide a deep insight in the concepts and values of the customer service. To achieve the customer satisfaction, the management of the restaurant needs to be more careful. They need to look into the marketing and servicing system of the business. Grand and Jonas (2012) mentioned that in case of gaining the customer satisfaction, it is necessary to make proper strategies. The management of the business needs to focus on the branding as the customers like the brand products. They need to make plans to impress the customers so that they come repeatedly. The employees always should help the customers and keep their promises. The advertisement and marketing of the business needs modification that the management needs to look into (Vaz and Mansori2013). The eye-catching advertisement helps to attract the custom ers that can increase the number of customers. They can offer various offer on the special days and can make special dishes for the customers that will help the business to gain the customer satisfaction. They can change the representation style of the dishes that will attract the customers and help to gain the customer satisfaction (Bruns-Smith et al. 2015). Moreover, the employees need to communicate with the customers to know their perceptions. The employees can ask the customers about to provide suggestion to make the service quality better. In view of Blut et al. (2015), in such way Nonnas restaurant can achieve the customer satisfaction again. The client satisfaction is necessary in case of running a restaurant. Customer service plays the equal parts in the communication and genuine attention. The customers need to feel free and comfortable in the restaurant. The staffs need to treat the customers with care and respect by providing exciting and excellent meals. This will help to retain the customer satisfaction and this will increase the reputation of the business. For the research, the research participants will be withdrawn from the restaurant. Only the domestic guests will be chosen for the study. The inclusion criteria of the participates will be that they need to be the permanent residents of the geographical country border of the Australia. The research study will take at least 3 months to collect the data and for the data analysis. The research study will be conducted in the winter season from June-August, 2017. Problem statement and objectives At present, Nonnas is reducing the satisfaction of the customers via the services because they repeat the same food every day, which make the customers unhappy. The customers prefer variety in the products and services. The revenues and the market share of Nonnas are falling and the competitors are getting the advantage to grow. The recent study aims to examine the influence of the marketing and management on the customer satisfaction. Nonnas in recent days are not able to meet the quality service to the customers. The customers want variety in foods, which they are not getting. The research objectives are as follows: To evaluate concepts that is associated with the customer service and the customer satisfaction To identify the issues that Nonnas is facing to imply the quality services to customers and fetch the satisfaction Concepts of Customers Services In view of Ennew, Binks and Chiplin (2015), customer service refers to the service that the customer receives from a business. The business provides the services in exchange of money. The business management needs to be loyal before, during and after providing the services. On the other hand, Amin et al. (2013) opined that the service of a business can be healthy or poor that is depend on the customers. Only the employees can make a strong relationship with the customers that help to retain the customer services. Strong customer services include the response on time and provide good quality of foods and proper communication with the customers. On the other hand, bad service refers to the delay in response, rude behavior with the customers and poor communication with the customers (Koshki, Esmaeilpour and Ardestani 2014). This can negatively affect the customers. The employees should behave with the customers politely and handle the customers with properly. The employees need to help the customers whenever they need. This will help the customers and they will attend the restaurant again. The service quality refers to the variables that are related to the customer services. Strong service quality of a business shows that it meets the expectations of the customers successfully and thus gain the competitive perimeter over the competitors. As stated by Han and Hyun (2015), customer services needs to have favorable and high standards always. It helps in providing the business with the favorable identity from the customers. Thus, customer services have definite levels that are attached to them. Izogo and Ogba (2015) points out that every business desires in achieving service quality since it is able to regulate, manipulate and manage expectations as well as the grievances of their customers. Bruns-Smith et al. (2015) mentioned that the customer satisfaction conforms the expectations of the client. This often provided to the customers to gain the customer satisfaction and improve the service quality. This will help to identify the problems of the business and assess the sat isfaction of client. Concepts of Customer satisfaction According to Pishgar (2013), customer satisfaction refers to emotional condition of the mind of the customer that can be attached with the satisfying product and service. Customer satisfaction can be the level to which the consumers like the product and facilities that the business provides. The satisfied customers tend to purchase from a particular business repeatedly as their services and products provides benefits to the customer considerably. Andukuri (2014) supported the statement and commented that the extended customer satisfaction may occur when the business maintains the standards of products for a long time. Customers get satisfaction when the business meets their expectations. Sometimes, the business can produce products and go too far for the customer expectations. Such instances can form strong relationship in between the customers and restaurants. The management of the business needs to focus on the branding as the customers like the brand products. They need to make pl ans to impress the customers so that they come repeatedly. SERVQUAL is a model that helps to explain the customer satisfaction and emphasizes the dodges in expectations of customer and their experiences. Vaz and Mansori (2013) explained that there are some rationales in the wake of the gaps that can be identified via this model: Gap-1: Between Companys Perception and Customer Expectation: the gaps can occur when the business does not understand services, which they need to provide to their customers so that the customers become satisfied with the actions of the formers. Gap-2: Between Companys Perception and Service Quality Requirements: Faults can be identified when the business can recognize the needs of their customers, yet cannot identify paths to meet out services. Gap-3: Between Service Quality Requirements and Service Liberation: Sometimes the company might provide sufficient services to their customers (Rahman et al. 2012). However, their service quality might not be good, resulting in dissatisfying customers. Gap-4: Between Service Delivery and Communications of Company: Customers can be satisfied much when the business informs them about the actions the business that is taken to make the customers satisfied. However, absence of proper communication leads to gap formation. Therefore, proper communication is necessary that will help to reduce the gaps and provide the customer satisfaction to the customers as well as the employees. Gap-5: Between Service Expectation and Received Service: Due to improper course of actions, customer prospects concerning services are not convened. This kind of services, the customers can receive from the business, which do not equivalent to their expected consequently, standards, decreasing and abolishing customer satisfaction (Rahman et al. 2012). Effects and challenges of the customer service on customer satisfaction Pishgar (2013) pointed out that the customer services affect the customer satisfaction largely. Appropriate customer service instills a sense of trust and satisfaction within the customer so they can be loyal to that particular restaurant. Large standards of post-purchase consumer service offer relief to the customers at the time when the customer state grievance. Helpful customer service can strengthen the customer that is associated with the business, favoring the consistency in the sales. Therefore, business, which is targeting to satisfy the customers, needs to ensure that they have already met all the actions of quality services on behalf of their customers. However, in food industry, convention of both the ends becomes a major issue as they often show the problems in servicing features of their products (Andukuri 2014). The present study identifies the scope of research from the outlook of reducing these challenges and supplementary the industry to satisfy the customers via sup erior services. Moreover, the customers mainly rely upon the brands as it rivets better control with the dominance of market over the rivals. References Amin, M., Yahya, Z., Ismayatim, W.F.A., Nasharuddin, S.Z. and Kassim, E., 2013. Service quality dimension and customer satisfaction: an empirical study in the Malaysian hotel industry.Services Marketing Quarterly,34(2), pp.115-125. Andukuri, R. (2014) Analysis of Customer Perception, Expectation and the Service Gap. Saarbru?cken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing Blut, M., Frennea, C.M., Mittal, V. and Mothersbaugh, D.L., 2015. How procedural, financial and relational switching costs affect customer satisfaction, repurchase intentions, and repurchase behavior: A meta-analysis.International Journal of Research in Marketing,32(2), pp.226-229. Bruns-Smith, A., Choy, V., Chong, H. and Verma, R., 2015. Environmental sustainability in the hospitality industry: Best practices, guest participation, and customer satisfaction. Chris, A. (2012). Customer relationship management and customer satisfaction. African journal of business management, 6(22), pp.93 Ennew, C.T., Binks, M.R. and Chiplin, B., 2015. Customer satisfaction and customer retention: An examination of small businesses and their banks in the UK. InProceedings of the 1994 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 188-192). Springer International Publishing. Grand, S. and Jonas, W. (2012), pp.17.Mapping design research. Basel: Birkhauser Han, H. and Hyun, S.S., 2015. Customer retention in the medical tourism industry: Impact of quality, satisfaction, trust, and price reasonableness.Tourism Management,46, pp.20-29. Izogo, E.E. and Ogba, I.E., 2015. Service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty in automobile repair services sector.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,32(3), pp.250-269. Koshki, N., Esmaeilpour, H. and Ardestani, A.S., 2014. The study on the effects of environmental quality, food and restaurant services on mental image of the restaurant, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction and customer behavioral intentions:(Case study of Boroujerd's restaurants).Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review,3(10), p.261. Nonna's Restaurant. 2017. Home. [online] Available at: https://www.nonnasrestaurants.com.au/ [Accessed 17 Apr. 2017]. Pishgar, F. (2013). The Impact of Product innovation on Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 2(5), pp.135-142 Rahman, M., Khan, A. and Haque, M. (2012). A Conceptual Study on the Relationship between Service Quality towards Customer Satisfaction: Servqual and Gronrooss Service Quality Model Perspective. ASS, 8(13),pp.123-214 Vaz, A. and Mansori, S. (2013). Application of SERVQUAL Model.IES, 6(4), pp.78-90

4 great work from home jobs for teachers

4 great work from home jobs for teachers When you think of the day-to-day of a teacher, you likely envision the typical role of getting to school as the sun rises and standing in front of a class all day. All those work-from-home and make your own schedule perks are for other professions- not teachers, right? Not necessarily. Maybe you’ve been in the classroom for years and are looking for something a little more private and one-on-one. Maybe you still love education but family or personal circumstances make it so that the flexibility of working from home is ideal for you. If so, you’ll be thrilled to learn that there are lots of options available. That’s right, you can leverage the skills and experience that you’ve gained while working in the classroom and earn some real money- either extra income on top of your teacher salary or as your primary paycheck, all according to your schedule and needs.Consider the following work from home jobs if you’re a teacher looking to explore ways in whic h you can earn money without having to go beyond your very own front door.TutorYou’re already good at teaching students in the classroom, so why not earn some money doing it outside of class? Consider adding tutoring services to your roster of available work services- you can offer tutoring sessions at your home or online and book appointments that work around your current schedule, which is a huge plus for busy folks. Also, you can focus on the subjects you’re already an expert in, which means no â€Å"learning curve† or additional training is required- you can get started immediately. How’s that for a win-win work situation?Online TeacherThis one’s similar to tutoring in terms of directly leveraging what you already do inside of the classroom to earn a paycheck from the comfort of your own home. The number of institutions offering classes online- in nearly every subject imaginable- seems to grow by leaps and bounds every year, which means that th e demand for experienced and qualified educators will only continue to increase. Are you intrigued by the notion of getting paid to teach online from your home? If so, then this might be a perfect option for you.EditorWhat teacher doesn’t spend a significant amount of their professional time reviewing, editing, and revising their student’s written work? If this sounds familiar, then why not consider making some extra money doing it from home? Editors are paid to carefully read and revise a wide array of written material, from articles and books to blog posts, marketing collateral, and more. Many editors work from their own home computers and have leverage setting their own hours and rates- you can even have control over the types of materials you chose to edit, and once you get some experience under your belt you can specialize and focus in a topic or area of your choosing. If this sounds right up your alley then this just might be the work-from-home employment option that you’re looking for.Blogger/WriterThese days, many of us choose to blog for the fun of it, or because we’re passionate about a subject- but did you know that you can get paid for doing it? That’s right, many companies hire content developers to create original blog content for their sites in an effort to generate clicks and build their audiences. You can help contribute to their efforts and get paid in the process. The range of topics that you could potentially write about is nearly limitless, and you can typically have control over the hours you work. Also, if your content starts generating lots of reader traffic, you can build some real job security and even increase your hourly rate and take-home pay.Are you looking to boost your income with work opportunities that you can do from home? If so, then consider taking advantage of the opportunities mentioned here and you might find yourself with extra money without having to overhaul your life or derail your normal schedule and routine. Good luck!

Consider whether the Consumer Protection Act Essays

Consider whether the Consumer Protection Act Essays Consider whether the Consumer Protection Act Essay Consider whether the Consumer Protection Act Essay See whether the Consumer Protection Act 1987 has made a important difference to patients who suffer hurts as a consequence of faulty medical merchandises. This essay will briefly see the place of patients who suffered hurts as a consequence of faulty medical merchandises prior to 1988. The piece will so see the effectivity of the Consumer Protection Act 1987 and supply an analysis of the relevant instances to day of the month. Before the Consumer Protection Act 1987 was enacted, patients who were injured as a consequence of faulty medical merchandises had really limited options in footings of recovery. Where a consumer had himself bought the merchandise so he may hold been able to action in contract. This would usually be through the operation of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 which implies footings that the goods must be of satisfactory quality [ 1 ] and that the goods must be moderately fit for the intent for which they are sold [ 2 ] . However, contractual redresss are of limited relevancy to consumers who suffer drug-related hurts [ 3 ] as it is unusual for a contract to be straight between the consumer and the medicine’s maker. Furthermore, where a drug is prescribed under an NHS prescription, there is no contract with either the druggist or the physician who wrote the prescription. InPfizer Corporation v Minister of Health[ 4 ] it was held that payment of the charge for prescription drugs does non amount to a sale for contractual intents. This is because there is no existent freedom to contract, the druggist is duty edge to supply the drugs if presented with a prescription and the payment of the charge, and besides because the charge does non amount to the true monetary value of the drug. The lone other possible cause of action for those injured by faulty medical merchandises before the Consumer Protection Act 1987 came into force was that of a claim in carelessness. This was ( and still is ) available where the consumer could turn out that she was owed a responsibility of attention, and that the manufacturer’s breach of that responsibility caused her hurt [ 5 ] . There are loosely three different types of defect which might be identified in a merchandise: fabrication defects ; design defects ; and, failure to give equal warnings [ 6 ] . Where the defect is a fabrication defect, it will be comparatively straight-forward to turn out that there has been a breach of responsibility as failure to guarantee that medical specialties leave the manufacturer’s premises in a province tantrum for human consumption will by and large bespeak carelessness. However, where the defect is one in design the job is more complex. As no drug can of all time be without effects, side effects can be inauspicious and unanticipated. The claimant would hold to p-rove foreseeability of hurt and that providing the merchandise was unreasonable. It will probably be really hard for the claimant to derive entree to the needed information for cogent evidence and research tests can non be expected to detect every possible side consequence in every possible consumer. A care lessness claim in these fortunes is hence debatable. Similarly, where it is alleged that a warning was faulty, a consumer will be contending against the fact that once more, no drug is wholly safe for everybody and a maker will hold acted moderately if he took sensible stairss to alarm consumers to the hazard of some side consequence. Furthermore, the claimant must besides turn out causing. This is hard because she must turn out that she would non hold taken the drug in inquiry if she had been warned of the peculiar side consequence. As hazards of side effects are by and large low, the job here is obvious. In the 1970s there was a motion in Europe towards integrating a rigorous liability government for hurts cause by faulty merchandises, in portion caused by response to high profile drug jobs such as those associated with the Thalidomide catastrophe [ 7 ] . In 1976 a bill of exchange Directive was presented by the European Commission to the Council Ministers, and in 1977 the European Convention on Products Liability in respect to Personal Injury and Death ( Strasbourg Convention ) [ 8 ] was signed. However, subsequent old ages saw a diminution in involvement for generalised reform. In the UK, the Pearson Commission did non urge no-fault compensation and instances such as Opren and blood taint were regarded as one-off catastrophes [ 9 ] After via media in footings of inclusion of a ‘development hazards defence’ , a 2nd version of the Directive was accepted. It was implemented in the UK by the Consumer Protection Act 1987. This Act was designed to do it easier for patients to action the manufacturer of a drug they believe injured them [ 10 ] . The balance of this essay will see to what extent the Consumer Protection Act has succeeded in this purpose. Under the Consumer Protection Act 1987 a claimant seeking compensation from the maker need merely turn out ( 1 ) that the merchandise was faulty and ( 2 ) that the defect in the merchandise caused the hurt. It is said that rigorous liability is fairer to claimants because it establishes that duty for an hurt caused by a faulty merchandise is borne by the individual making the hazard and profiting financially from the merchandise [ 11 ] . Furthermore, the maker is in the best place to exert control over the safety and quality of the merchandise and can see against hazards. The Act imposes rigorous liability on makers and, where a provider can non or will non supply inside informations of the maker, on providers besides, for faulty merchandises which cause physical hurt, or belongings harm greater than five 100 euros, though pure economic loss is non covered. Any claim under the Act, in order to be successful, must be brought within three old ages of the find of the harm or hurt, and there is a maximal clip bound of 10 old ages from when the merchandise was first put into circulation [ 12 ] . This clip bound makes it easier for makers to see against liability, but it will necessarily go forth some people uncompensated as some inauspicious reactions can take many old ages to attest themselves. As the Act applies merely to drugs put into circulation after it came into force on 1 March 1988, it could be expected that there would be comparatively few instances brought under the statute law in the first old ages, yet Lord Griffiths [ 13 ] thought that once it was no longer necessary to turn out carelessness, there would be a â€Å"significant increase† in merchandise liability judicial proceeding. Stapleton has attempted to explicate the possible grounds for the Act’s limited impact and concludes: â€Å"In my position, the most convincing account for this no-significant-impact phenomenon is merely that the new jurisprudence barely advances the place of the consumer at all†¦ Save in a few peripheral contexts, no greater liability is imposed by the Directive than already exists under the other two chief causes of action available to victims of faulty products.† [ 14 ] In order to analyze the effectivity of the Consumer Protection Act it is necessary to find what the Act applies to. Medicines and medical devices are ‘products’ for the intents of the Act, but until reasonably late, it was ill-defined whether human organic structure tissues or fluids would be covered [ 15 ] . InA 5 National Blood Authority[ 16 ] it was accepted that blood is a merchandise under the Act. It hence seems likely that gametes will be capable to the Act’s commissariats, although the position of variety meats is as yet ill-defined [ 17 ] . Possibly one of the countries from which jobs stem in the Consumer Protection Act, is the significance of ‘defective’ . Section 3 ( 1 ) of the Act provides that: â€Å"†¦ there is a defect in a product†¦ if the safety of the merchandise is non such as individuals by and large are entitled to expect.† Observers have criticised this as merely repeating the inquiry: how safe are individuals entitled to anticipate a merchandise to be? [ 18 ] Thereby organizing a round statement [ 19 ] . Section 3 ( 2 ) of the Act goes on to direct the justice to take history all relevant fortunes, including, though non entirely [ 20 ] : â€Å" ( a ) the mode in which, and the intents for which, the merchandise has been marketed, its get-up, the usage of any grade in relation to the merchandise and any instructions for, or warnings with regard to, the making of anything with or in relation to the merchandise ; ( B ) what might moderately be expected to be done with or in relation to the merchandise ; and ( degree Celsius ) the clip when the merchandise was supplied by its manufacturer to another.† The Act does non separate between fabrication, design or failure to warn defects. The definition applies easy to fabricating defects, where the merchandise is less safe than it should hold been because of a faulty production procedure, but in the instance of medicative merchandises, fabrication defects are highly rare [ 21 ] . It is more usual for claimants to aver that the design was faulty, or that they were inadequately warned about a peculiar hazard, and in both of these state of affairss, working out what degree of safety people are entitled to anticipate becomes debatable. It may be argued that consumers may neer anticipate to be injured by a particu7lar merchandise, so that any merchandise which causes in jury is faulty [ 22 ] . However, the trial is an nonsubjective one and, where medical specialties are powerful plenty to change physiological map it may be expected that they will on occasion do inauspicious reactions. Ferguson has suggested another ground why the consumer outlook trial is awkward in its application to pharmaceutical merchandises: â€Å"While one can accept that consumers may develop certain outlooks as to the safety of most consumer goods, pharmaceutical drugs and devices are in a different place since they have to go through rigorous demands, laid down by authorities organic structures, before they can be marketed. It is arguable that a consumer should non anticipate a merchandise which has satisfied the criterions imposed by such organic structures to be any safer than in fact it is† [ 23 ] In other words, if the CSM decided that the medical specialty is sufficiently safe, it would so look odd for a tribunal to make up ones mind that consumers are entitled to anticipate it to be safer. It has been suggested that before the judgement inA 5 National Blood, the tribunals appeared to bespeak that what consumers were entitled to anticipate depended upon the rationality of the defendant’s behavior, and that this in bend â€Å"looks really like an appraisal of whether the suspect was negligent† [ 24 ] . InWorsley V Tambrands Ltd[ 25 ] the claimant suffered toxic daze syndrome which she alleged was caused by a tampon manufactured by the suspect. The claimant had read the cusp included with the box of tampons but her hubby had so thrown it off before she became sick, and as a consequence the claimant did non instantly acknowledge the symptoms and she became unwell. Once she had recovered she alleged that the maker of the tampons had negligently failed to warn her of the hazards of toxic daze syndrome and that the merchandise was faulty under the Consumer Protection Act due to the unequal warnings. The Court rejected the entry that the warnings were unequal and found that the maker had taken the stairss a consumer was entitled to anticipate by ( 1 ) seting a clearly legible warning on the exterior of the box which directed the user to the information cusp and ( 2 ) supplying a clear and unambiguous warning about symptoms and necessary action on the cusp. Similarly, inRichardsonV LRC Products Ltd[ 26 ] the claimant became pregnant when the rubber her hubby used fractured during intercourse. The claimant alleged that the rubber was faulty because it failed. There was conflicting adept grounds in the instance as to when oxidation of the rubber cloth had occurred, with the claimant contending that it was during industry and the suspect reasoning that it was after the break had occurred, whilst being stored in a bathroom closet. The Court decided that although users did non anticipate rubbers to neglect, individuals by and large could non anticipate any method of contraceptive method to be 100 per cent effectual. It was held that the rubbers in inquiry were manufactured to a more demanding criterion than the relevant British Standard. Yet once more, this appears to be taking into history the reasonableess of the defendant’s behavior when proving the merchandise. As Jackson concludes [ 27 ] : â€Å"But if the degree of safety peopl e are entitled to anticipate can non be measured without mention to therationalityof the defendant’s behavior, ‘strict liability’ may be identical from negligence† . Furthermore, inFoster V Biosil[ 28 ] the claimant had undergone chest implants after a bilateral mastectomy. She brought proceedings under the Consumer Protection Act avering that the implants were faulty as the left implant had ruptured. The suspect alleged that the rupture was caused by the sawbones ‘nicking’ it on nidation but the justice rejected this. It was held that the claimant was obliged to turn out the fact of the defect and besides the cause of it, thereby turn outing that the maker had non taken sensible attention. However, this line of instances was interrupted byA 5 National Blood Authority[ 29 ] mentioned supra. This instance has been described as â€Å"by far the most of import instance yet to construe the Consumer Protection Act 1987† [ 30 ] It concerned claims by patients infected with hepatitis C from blood and blood merchandises through blood transfusions after 1 March 1988. The suspects conceded that blood fell within the definition of merchandises for the Consumer Protection Act 1987. It was decided by the tribunal that the commissariats of the Act must be interpreted in visible radiation of the European Product Liability Directive, and that where there were any evident incompatibilities, the Directive should be preferred [ 31 ] . It was the Court’s sentiment that, in finding whether the contaminated blood was faulty, the inquiry was what the legitimate outlooks of the populace were in relation to the merchandise. Peoples expected blood to be clean, and whether the relevant defect was evitable or non was non the issue. The suspects argued that the populace could merely anticipate that they would hold done what was possible to test the blood and avoid the taint, but this was non followed. The Court adopted a differentiation between standard merchandises, which are as the manufacturer intended them to be, and non-standard merchandises which differ. Where a non-standard merchandise is in issue, the populace at big should non be taken as knowing that the merchandise is inescapably insecure. InA 5 National Blood Authoritythe suspects besides attempted to raise the ‘development risks’ defense mechanism contained in subdivision 4 ( 1 ) ( vitamin E ) of the Consumer Protection Act 1987 which provides â€Å"†¦ the province of scientific and proficient cognition was non such that a manufacturer of merchandise of the same description as the merchandise in inquiry might be expected to hold discovered the defect† . The Court went back to the Directive and held that as the hazard was known it did non count that testing processs had non at the clip been developed. This determination hence sum to doing the defense mechanism one of the defect being unascertainable. Equally far as standard merchandises are concerned, the opinion inA 5 National Blood Authorityhas non had an impact, and the old line of instances continues. InPiper V JRI ( Manufacturing ) Ltd[ 32 ] a hip replacing which fractured after 18 months was accepted as faulty. The maker argued that the hip must hold been damaged on nidation, and hence that the defect did non be at the clip it was put into circulation. The adept grounds was extremely conflicting and the Court did non prefer either side. However, the Court decided that the defect would had to be missed by a figure of persons if it were present at the clip it was put into circulation. So, although the instance did non turn straight on the diction of the Act it â€Å"adds to a losing tally for claimants in instances in which the debut of no-fault liability has failed to capture the enthusiasm of the bench† [ 33 ] . It has been argued that a risk/benefit attack may run more efficaciously in instances refering medical merchandises than the consumer outlook trial presently in operation [ 34 ] . Goldberg [ 35 ] provinces that â€Å"there is an built-in logic in turn toing the jobs of faulty medicative merchandises by weighing the hazards against the awaited benefits and against the ‘costs’ of non utilizing the product†¦Ã¢â‚¬  . Furthermore, before the judgement inA 5 National Blood AuthorityGrubb and Pearl [ 36 ] wrote that the public-service corporation of blood, coupled with the absence of any less unsafe option, were likely to take a tribunal to reason that blood is non faulty and that hence rigorous liability would non be applied. In decision, the Consumer Protection Act 1987 has non resulted in the significantly higher degrees of judicial proceeding expected. This may in portion be because the significance of defect has been ill-defined and possible claimants have been put off by the instances decided. However, since the determination inA 5 National Blood Authoritynon-standard merchandises, at least, are genuinely considered on a rigorous liability consumer outlook footing. This is despite old concerns that the Consumer Protection Act was being interpreted as offering no more to claimants than an ordinary carelessness claim. Yet, it is possibly non the instance that claimants are non being served by the Consumer Protection Act as it is unknown how many instances are now settling because of it that antecedently would hold gone to test, conveying all the emphasis to claimants that that entails. Bibliography M Brazier A ; E CaveMedicine, Patients and the Law( 4ThursdayEdn, Penguin, London 2007 ) E Deards A ; C Twigg-Flesner, ‘The Consumer Protection Act 1987: cogent evidence at last that it is protecting consumers’ ( 2001 ) 10 ( 2 )NottinghamLaw Journal1 WCH Ervine, ‘Satisfactory Quality: What does it Mean? ’ ( 2004 )Journal of Business Law684. P Ferguson,Drug Injuries and the Pursuit of Compensation( Sweet A ; Maxwell, London 1996 ) R Goldberg, ‘Paying for Bad Blood: Rigorous Product Liability after the Hepatitis C Litigation’ ( 2002 ) 10Medical Law Reappraisal165 Lord Griffiths, P De Val A ; RJ Dormer, ‘Developments in English Product Liability Law: A Comparison with the American System’ ( 1988 ) 62Tulane Law Review353 A Grubb A ; D Pearl,Blood Testing, AIDS and DNA Profiling( Jordan and Sons, Bristol 1990 ) J HerringMedical Law and Ethical motives( 2neodymiumEdn, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2008 ) E Jackson,Medical Law: Text, Cases, and Materials( Oxford University Press, Oxford 2006 ) M Mildred, ‘Pitfalls in merchandise liability’ ( 2007 )Journal of Personal Injury Law, 141 P Shears ‘The EU Product Liability Directive – twenty old ages on’ ( 2007 )Journal of Business Law884 J StapletonMerchandise Liability( Butterworths, London 1994 ) J Stapleton, ‘Products Liability in the United Kingdom: The Myths of Reform’ ( 1999 ) 34TexasInternational Law Journal45 H Teff A ; C MunroThalidomide: The Legal Aftermath( Farnborough, Saxon House 1976 C Twigg-Flesner, ‘The Relationship Between Satisfactory Quality and Fitness for Purpose’ ( 2004 ) 63CambridgeLaw Journal22 Table of Cases A 5 National Blood Authority[ 2001 ] 3 All ER 289 Donoghue V Stevenson[ 1932 ] AC 562 Foster V Biosil( 2000 ) 59 MBLR 178 Pfizer Corporation v Minister of Health[ 1965 ] 2 WLR 387 Piper V JRI ( Manufacturing ) Ltd[ 2006 ] EWCA Civ 1344 Richardson V LRC Products Ltd[ 2000 ] PIQR P164 Worsely 5 Tambrands Ltd[ 2000 ] PIQR P95 1

Consumer Behaviour towards CO2 emissions from aircrafts Essay

Consumer Behaviour towards CO2 emissions from aircrafts - Essay Example But, studies stressing on the need to bring about social transformation as a likely and effective tool to combat the ongoing global environmental crisis, are rare. There is a global consensus on the measures that need to be implemented in order to achieve a substantial reduction in carbon emissions. Some of these measures point to increasing the use of environmentally friendly products which have lower carbon foot prints. If such a reduction is to be achieved, it would call for a major change in our lifestyles. This paper on Consumer behavior towards CO2 emissions from aircrafts seeks to stress on this very aspect and investigate and analyze the level and extent of awareness of UK consumers in relation to eco friendly modes of transport. Transportation plays a fundamental role in accelerating a countrys economic development; however, the transportation sector must adhere to the ethical aspects of their businesses by adopting and implementing policies that avert global environmental threats. The aviation industry alone, accounts for a 3% of carbon emissions. Considering the spurt in public spending on transport, particularly aviation, this percentage could rise significantly posing a major threat to the global environment. A fundamental goal of the firms operating in this industry, thus, must be to strive to reduce carbon emissions and seek greener and sustainable options. Currently, there has been a major transformation in consumer attitudes in the UK towards sustainable products and services and are increasingly demanding greener and eco friendly products. The market for eco friendly products has not only emerged but has come to dominate the industry over time. Surveys and researches conducted in this behalf furthe r substantiate this fact. The spurt in globalization has increased the importance of mobility but at the same time,

Need for a Lean Initiatives Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Need for a Lean Initiatives - Research Paper Example Management is a complex function that determines a company success, delivering of affordable goods and quality goods, a trustable delivery and continuous innovation throughout the companies’ entire functioning chains (Arnheiter & Maleyeff, 2005). Determinants of efficient management are measured by the companies’ market network and the shareholder value. If the two factors increase then the companies have realized good management skills. Nike and Adidas are two European countries that work with an aim of outdoing each other from the market by improving their strategic management. Most of the strategies are based on their supply chain and marketability of their products. The aim of this study is to compare and to contrast the management styles of the two companies in the context of how they affect organization behavior. According to Locke and Romis (2012), a lean management system incorporates a strategy that ensures daily progress, meaningful purpose, and lasting value. The Footwear market is characterized by dynamic factors; most of the changes are short period. The demands in the market are not flexible, and the purchases are sometimes high and other times small. Additionally, the products from the manufacturing industry to the market usually follow a short product lifecycle. Adidas Company has instituted lean initiatives in management, focused to decrease the costs and to improve their supply chain processes. However, lean initiatives make the company prone to risks that occur because of relying on other supply chains, elements and other interruptions (Locke & Romis, 2012) Nike Company has adopted a management strategy referred to as a Subcontracting Management Plan. The strategy has advantages for the company marketing strategies, and it ensures that the markets are unique from other companies offering similar products, and the production process is determined by the

Business Plan For Hot Dog Mania Marketing Essay

Business Plan For Hot Dog Mania Marketing Essay Being one of the most popular food type in the world, hot-dogs are sold in enormous quantities worldwide. In the US alone, people eat around 16 billion hot-dogs every year. Because of the high demand on this type of food, companies are created every year with the purpose to satisfy the people need to eat a very simple, but fast and tasty food. Hot Dog Mania is a start-up company that will be entering the Romanian food-service industry with a worldwide known product that is not used by any of the ten big companies in this industry the hot dog. The competitive advantage of this product is that it will use different culinary recipes from famous hot dog countries and it will offer its customers the possibility to customize their own hot dogs from scratch, while being able to taste different world flavors. A French company named Gira Foodservice (Ionescu, C. (April 22, 2009), Radiografia pieÃ…Â £ei foodservice din Romà ¢nia [Radiography of the Romanian food service market], http://www.foodandbar.ro/actualitatea/1481-radiografia-pieei-foodservice-din-romania, Retrieved January 05, 2010) published a Romanian country report regarding the food-service industry, in which it stated that the market revenue for 2008 is approximately à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3.4 billion, and it predicts that the market will increase annually with a two-digit percentage. The domestic market of the company is Romania, and in the future, after a country development to at least five major cities, it will address to other Balkan countries like Bulgaria. The primary customers of the hot dog products are people living in the urban areas, which have a high value for time and mobility, and prefer to eat fast food in order to be able to spare time for other activities. Other customers that will be targeted by HDM will be people who will visit large touristic resorts in the country. The last customer type that HDM targets is the one that is keen on social events like concerts, various exhibitions, fairs, and sport games, and would like to have a snack during a short break. The main priority of this business plan is to set up a fast-food company that will establish various outlets, starting with one on the seaside, with my personal equity. Later on, between three to six months, there will be a further development, were other business partners will be required. Company Description The company name will be Hot Dog Mania, and it will be a registered trademark together with the company logo and slogan at the Romanian State Office for Inventions and Trademark. The internet domain name will be http://www.hotdog-mania.com and it will have numerous links that will redirect customers to it, depending on the country. For example, the Romanian customers will access the website http://www.hotdog-mania.ro and they will be instantaneously redirected to the .com site, with the Romanian language interface. Hot Dog Mania will be a privately held company, registered as a Limited Liability Company, with myself as a sole shareholder. Upon further development to other countries, when the brand will become a franchise, the company will be a franchisor and will have franchisees as partners in other locations. We will focus on selling mainly hot dogs and drinks. The hot dogs will have different variations from the original Frankfurters and Wieners to the hot dogs eaten in various counties in the US like Alabama, New York State or in Seattle Washington, or even the Patsos from Turkey. Besides the predetermined hot dogs, the customers will have the opportunity to customize their own hot dogs from scratch, by choosing the sausage, the bun type, the condiments, vegetables, and spices. The drinks will vary from the well knows juices, mineral water, and some beer assortments. HDM will also have a small merchandise activity, where it will offer its customers hats, badges, T-shirts or various hot dog clothing, in order to remain in the customer attention at all time. Besides the products, the company will try to provide the best quality services in the fast food industry, using the Just in Time method in order to always serve its customers as they make an order. Our main objective is to provide the high quality tasty food to our customers faster than a regular fast food. This mission is sustained by some values like: highly trained professionals, quality food, and faster than fast. The staff will be initially trained for two weeks, and then the store managers will permanently supervise the staff in order to make them provide the best services. These managers would have a higher success rate in the supervising activity because there are a few staff members necessary to run a location. The quality food will be assured by the suppliers, which will be chosen by annual auctions, so the suppliers with the best food quality will be selected. Faster than fast the generic service name that HDM chose for representing the Just in Time food preparing strategy, used by McDonalds. This way, there will be calculations of food demand depending on some factors like location, month, date, hour, events or Holidays, and media. The Just in Time method implies that every employee will have its own activity, and it will be perfectly related to the other employees activity, in order to have no time loss between product preparing and supplying. When there will be high customer queues, one member of the staff will use a Palm PDA to collect orders from the queue, and it will automatically send it to the food processing display, so other employees will be able to make the food before the clients arrive to the cash register, in order to make the waiting time lower. The mission of the HDM company providing high quality tasty food to the customers faster than a regular fast food, will be accomplished by this three main activities. The initial management activity will be conducted by me, and after the opening of another location, two of the staff members will be promoted as store managers one for each location. This means that in the first months I will need to work a little harder in order to both manage the first location, and the company as a whole. After undertaking an ambitious expansion plan, there will be area managers, which will supervise five different management locations in order to assure the correct operations between store managers and employees. Possible management positions will be added later after development, when it will be indispensable to have a Marketing Manager, a Sales Manager, a Store Operation Manager, Human Resources Manager, and Purchasing Manager. Regarding the personnel plan, each location will have two cooks, two cashiers and one store manager that will handle every situation required. Hot Dog Mania locations will be represented by medium and large caravans, that are both mobile and space sufficient for this kind of activity. The first location will be at the seaside, targeting a large number of potential customers, closest to the beach as possible. The fact that the company is using caravans offers the high mobility, which allows us to create new locations in just a few hours. One day the store can be at the seaside, and the other day at a concert event in Bucharest. The location will use large LCD screens to display the products and menus, and it will have its own originality in displaying the tasty hot dogs. We will equip the stores with modern technology, and we will aim for maximum cleanliness in order to attract the customers to maintain it. Another facility is to equip the store with umbrellas and tall bar tables, to allow them to eat the food just in front of the store. The mobile locations will be settled with priority to major events, like soccer games, concerts, exhibitions, fairs. There will also be seasonal locations, on the touristic areas, and fixed locations in the major cities, close to downtown. The initial funds will be covered from my own capital, and it will reach and approximate investment of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬50,000. The start-up funding necessary is shown in the table on the next page: Start-up Funding Start-up Expenses to Fund 800 Start-up Assets to Fund 43000 Total Funding Required 43800 Assets Non-Cash Assets from Start-up 0 Cash Requirements from Start-up 43800 Additional Cash Raised 5000 Cash Balance on Starting Date 48800 Total Assets 48800 Liabilities and Capital Liabilities Current Borrowing 0 Long-term Liabilities 0 Accounts Payable 0 Other Current Liabilities 0 Total Liabilities 0 Capital Planned Investment 50000 Additional Investment Requirement 0 Total Planned Investment 50000 Loss at Start-up 800 Total Capital 48800 Total Capital and Liabilities 48800 Total Funding 50000 The milestones and timelines of the company have been made on a five-year time interval, and they represent objectives of the company. They are shown on the table below: Task Timeline Milestone Make a sales volume high enough to reach the break even 1 month Reach break even Acquire the necessary licenses to set locations on events 3 months Obtain location licenses Set up the second location of hot dogs 6 months Acquire second location Set up the third location of hot dogs 12 months Acquire third location Expand the company to fixed locations in other major cities 3 years Develop in other cities Create a franchise to the company to have franchisees countrywide 3 years Create a Romanian franchise Expand the company to other countries in the Balkans area 5 years Expand abroad Industry Analysis and Trends The main characteristics of the fast-food industry are the following: Low cost in comparison to a traditional restaurant; The mobility that it offers to its customers, having them the opportunity to eat the food as they go; Specific demographic identities for customers: usually young people, sometimes families, driven by children; living in urban areas, and having medium or lower medium income, although recently young people with high income have developed a sympathy for this kind of food; Faster times in the food preparing, up to a few seconds after the order has been taken; Development in many locations, which are very important for this kind of activity; High competitiveness among companies, based on the fact that customers are not always loyal to a brand, and will consume the products based primarily on the location of the establishment; The fast-food industry in Romania has developed sensitivity to seasonality. In this respect, the industry cycle has fluctuations especially during the Holidays. For example, at the end of December, during the Christmas Holiday, the Romanians have developed a food cult, when they prepare specific Romanian dishes, which they eat for approximately two weeks. During this time, the fast-food industry suffers a dramatic sales drop. The same phenomenon occurs during the Easter Holiday, when Romanians have a highly valued religion holiday. Although these industry cycles are occurring every year, the companies in the market are aware of it, and they are not very affected by it, having time to prepare for these seasonality cycles. The industry life cycle has not yet reached the maturity stage, being in a constant growth for the last ten years. This is happening because the young people, like students, prefer to eat fast food in order to associate to a social trend. Afterwards, even if they have matured and have jobs, they still feel attracted to this food because of the high mobility that it offers. Nevertheless, the state will have a high influence on this trend in the years to come, since they have various campaigns against fast food. Future regulations will impose a vice tax to boost the fast-food prices, and the Ministry of Health is working together with the Ministry of Finance to increase the VAT for this economic sector. Since now, no law like such has been approved in the Romanian Parliament, and it will need the consent of the European Commission. The Romanian fast-food industry is having an accelerating rate of increase, according to a survey made by Euromonitor International (Stoica, A. (May 24, 2007), Fast-food-urile inghit doua miliarde de euro [The fast-foods are eating two billion euros], http://www.romanialibera.ro/bani-si-afaceri/a96203-fast-food-urile-inghit-doua-miliarde-de-euro.html, Retrieved January 05, 2010). According to them, the average growth rate is about 26% every year, and in 2005 the industry reached total revenues of $2 billion, and in 2007 it reached more than à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬2 billion. Bucharest is the Romanian city with the highest revenue in this market. The fast-food industry is consisted on many types of food, from the well-known hamburgers, to chicken, pizza, fries, hot dogs, and the Turkish kebab, called Shaorma in Romania. There are a total of more than 900 fast-food outlets in Bucharest alone, so there is a fierce competition. According to a local newspaper called Romania Libera (TOP 10 fast-food-uri in Bucuresti [Top ten fast-foods in Bucharest] (November 10, 2007), http://www.romanialibera.ro/a110940/top-10-fast-food-uri-in-bucuresti.html, Retrieved January 05, 2010), there are ten major competitors on the fast-food market in Bucharest, among them being McDonalds, KFC, Pizza Hut, Gregorys, Snack Attack, Burger King, Spring Time, and there is a rather new competitor, on a retail store specialized in furniture, Ikea, that offers food at competitive prices. We will make a detailed analysis of these competitors on the following pages. All of these major competitors can offer products that represent substitutes to the HDM hot dogs, but they have some differences. McDonalds represents the most important competitor that can offer substitute products, being the most appreciated fast-food company in Romania. Their products are not similar to hot dogs, but they have many stores all across the country. Their products have a high demand from customers because of the quality of the food and service. The only drawback of this company is that their food is standardized, and they rarely bring new products on the market. Having the nearest prices to the HDM food, and the same delivery speed, McDonalds is the most significant competitor that can offer substitution products. KFC and Pizza Hut are other competitors that can offer substitution products, although their products are completely different from the hot dogs. In fact, they are very different from another, too. One of them offers chicken recipes, and the other one offers pizza. The only main advantage of these products is that they have a very good taste, and they have various options to choose from. Besides that, the service type is different. Their companies offer customers experiences closer to restaurants, taking long times to prepare, and because of the food type, the customers need to stand at a table in order to eat them, and it takes quite some time to do so. Another drawback represents the high prices of their food, being at least three times more expensive than a traditional hot dog. The only reason that we can say that these two companies offer substitution products is the fact that they are major players in the fast food-industry. Gregorys and Snack Attack are two fast-food companies offering cold sandwiches with salami, ham, cheese and some vegetables. They have a few assortments, but their food is cold. The queue time is low, but the prices are considerably higher than a hot dog. Snack Attack has recently developed and is now supplying food to supermarkets, mini markets, and other stores that might have access to events. Ikea has a fast-food division that returns annual revenues worth of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5 million. Although they are specialized in another industry, they have created a fast-food in every store to develop a differentiation competitive advantage, and this strategy has proven to be very efficient. Their food is very cheap, and they are the only competitors that can offer a similar product to HDM. Their hot dogs have the most competitive price on the market, with a price of only à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬0.25 per unit. The only reason why Ikea cannot become a very strong competitor is that they only build fast-food outlets inside their stores, and at this time, there is only one store in the country. Spring Time and Burger King are two other competitors that can offer substitution products for the HDM hot dogs. While Spring Time has reached a company life cycle of saturation and decline, Burger King is not appreciated by the Romanian consumers, and thus they cannot develop, as they register constant loss every year. Other fast-food firms that are selling hot dogs are insignificant, having just a small stand in the street, with no strategies and development plans, being managed by only one self employed person in general. After this analysis of the competitors, we can observe that the fast-food industry has multiple market segments. These market segments are shown in the chart below: As shown on this empirical made graph, the hot dog segment in the Romanian fast-food industry is not yet developed, and a strong competitor on this market segment would be able to benefit from this opportunity. McDonalds has had a continuous market share growth because the customers want to eat faster every year, and they were able to provide that. But a hot dog product can be eaten even in another manner, which would not necessary involve fast eating: doing it on the street. As anyone can see in socially developed countries like USA, Germany and Austria, the hot dog products are bought in the middle of the street, and are eaten on the street. This would provide the Romanian customers an even bigger mobility. The product customization will offer them a bigger flexibility. These two advantages combined with the fact that there are no major competitors in the segment, offers to the hot dog product every prerequisite necessary to become a successful brand in the Romanian market. Even if the market trend shows continuous growth every year, the Government regulations might lower the industry growth rate in the upcoming years. But offering a relatively new product in the market, which have not been exploited by other major competitor, will increase the customer interest to it, and will allow a fast development. Country Report Expansion is a problem which every developing company its asking to itself. Because there are various methods of expanding a company, the financial risks are lowering, and thus allowing growing companies to think about such measures. The first advantage that HDM would benefit from expansion is the fact that it will create an economy of scale. By increasing the total number of customers, than it will increase the order volume that it will make from its suppliers, and then the power of negotiation will increase, and thus, the costs with raw material per unit will be lowered. Another advantage that the company will have is a wider access to the customers, through more fast-food outlets. This should be identified as an opportunity, because at this point a marketing campaign would have expected results, attracting more customers to the stores, and creating a public awareness. If the customers are content with the products and services, then they will become devoted to the brand, although in general this happens to a relatively small number of customers. Higher revenues can be efficiently transferred into management budgets, and allow the company to hire professionals to manage activities with broader instruments and more time than one single manager for all the operations. A Marketing Manager, a Sales Manager, a Store Operation Manager, a Human Resources Manager, and a Purchasing Manager will be key positions to create a professional strategy of product improvement and expansion. By accessing a large number of customers, than the revenues will grow, and the profits will be increased as well, allowing the company to have future expansion at higher rate, because of the increasing capital. One other advantage that expansion brings to the company is the access to lower cost workforce, and especially in Bulgaria, lower raw materials. Expansion to more than ten different locations can bring in an optimistic financial hypothesis the possibility to create a production factory, where the company will have complete access to the raw food processing and it will acquire a complete quality control of the food. Besides, a vertical development can considerably lower the company fixed costs. There is a high opportunity to expand a hot dog company in Romania and even in the Balkans, because the markets have not reached their maturities, and being emerging countries, the middle class will expand in the upcoming decade. This way, the product lifecycle will be extended to at least five to ten years. The major opportunity of expansion to Bulgaria is that the country has similar fast-food industry segmentation as Romania, where the major competitors are addressing different segments, while the hot dog segment is only represented by small companies with low retaliation power. Another opportunity of expansion is represented by the fiscal measures regulated in the foreign countries. Bulgaria has lower taxations than Romania, and it will allow Hot Dog Mania to increase its gross profits. Hot Dog Mania will have two different methods to enter foreign markets. The first method is the foreign direct investment which consists in using the companys own capital to expand to foreign markets. The main advantage is that the expansion will have a high profit potential, while it will have a full control of the operations. The disadvantage of using the foreign direct investment is that the company will have higher financial risks than if it had used other expansion methods. In the foreign country, the company will have exposure to political risk, macroeconomic risk, authority abuse risk, and Government regulations. Setting up new headquarters also involves a managerial investment, but with a higher complexity because of two main reasons: if the manager is Romanian, than it will have to become accustomed to the foreign country culture, habit and measures of communication; and if the manager is foreign, then it will probably have a different perspective over the home country vision, which will be adjusted in a large period of time. The other method that HDM will use to enter foreign markets is the franchise. This is a very easy and financial risk free method to enter other countries. HDM will ask for a monthly franchise tax, and will supply the franchisee with the raw materials as a subcontractor, in order to maintain the food quality and higher income. The company will assess the country potential and will obtain know how about the foreign market, which will allow the company to extend to the country with risk free foreign direct investments. Nevertheless, the franchise method also has some disadvantages. Even if it will act as a subcontractor to the franchisee with the food supply, it will still have low margins to allow the franchisee to have competitive prices on the market. These low margins will offer a lower profit than a profit potential of a FDI. Having a franchisee creates dependence with him, because the home company will always need to supervise and check if the quality is maintain at the company standards. Another risk is that the franchisee could learn the know-how of the hot dog company, and create a new company adapted to its market, and act as a competitor. In the first expansion stage, the HDM company will select the franchise method, because its less financial risky than a foreign direct investment, and it will provide every necessary information that will allow the company to create a future FDI. The primary legal issue of HDMs target country, Bulgaria, is that the judicial system is not fully independent. According to the Heritage website, in Bulgaria Weak property rights, lingering corruption, and inefficient bureaucracy hold down the countrys overall economic freedom. According to the same website, The non-salary cost of employing a worker is high, but dismissing a redundant employee is costless. Even if these regulations are negative to the legal aspect of Bulgaria, the Investment Promotion Act offers equal treatment to both foreign investors and local ones. Another regulation that represents a good opportunity to extend to Bulgaria with a foreign direct investment method is the fact that EU members can buy land in this country. This way, opening new locations will allow HDM to have wholly owned subsidiaries. Starting a business in Bulgaria takes approximately 50 days, in comparison to the EU average of 38 days. According to the Heritage website, Bulgarias economic freedom score is 64.6, which is well above the world average. This is primarily because they have high fiscal freedom, with a flat corporate tax of only 10%. The general time lines for going global represent a projected plan, being subjected to different changes in the upcoming years, due to changes that may occur in the financial status. As in the timeline for the company description, I will use some of the milestones in order to project appropriate timelines for the distant future. The first two milestones that will lead to the extension of the company will be the expanding of the company in other major cities of the home country as a wholly own subsidiaries or franchises, to allow our management to gather enough experience and know-how for future, more complex expansions. After expanding to Bulgaria, the Hot Dog Mania will search other potential locations in the Balkans, with similar people patterns, and similar Government regulations. Considering the fact that the start-up year of the company will be in 2012, the expansion to other countries will take place in 2017. This information is shown on the following table and graph, shown bel ow: Event / Name Start End Length Expand in Other Romanian Cities 2014 2015 1 Create a Franchise 2014 2015 1 Expand to Bulgaria 2016 2017 1 Search for Other foreign Countries 2016 2018 2 Expand to Serbia 2018 2019 1 Expand to Slovakia 2018 2021 3